The Correlation Between Potential Antidiabetic Side Effects And Risk Factors In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Hospital Lamongan

Hubungan Kejadian Efek Samping Potensial Antidiabetes Dengan Faktor Risiko Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di RS Lamongan

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by abnormalities in insulin performance and/or insulin secretion. Risk factors for side effects of drugs need to consider aspects of age, gender, and body mass index. This study aims to determine the relationship between potential side effects of antidiabetics and risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted at Lamongan Hospital during the period January-March 2024. The study design used a cross-sectional design with data collection from patient medical records and the results of interviews filling out the naranjo questionnaire. The population in this study was 95 patients. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique and 89 patients met the inclusion criteria. Based on the results of the study, the most common potential side effect of antidiabetes was hypoglycemia experienced by 25 patients (28.08%) with the dominant number of hypoglycemia side effects due to the use of insulin actrapid (11.23%). The naranjo score results showed probable (89.89%) which means that the possibility of complaints in the form of hypoglycemia in patients is a side effect of antidiabetes. Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decrease in blood glucose levels <70 mg/dl (<4.0 mmol/L). Signs of hypoglycemia that appear in patients are trembling, hunger, nausea, and dizziness. Data analysis using the Spearman Rank Correlation test showed a significant relationship between the occurrence of potential side effects of Antidiabetics with age risk factors (p=0.004) and did not have a significant relationship with gender risk factors (p=0.553) and body mass index (p=0.473). The presence of age factors due to changes in physiology and body biochemistry, is closely related to increased glucose intolerance which is at risk of insulin resistance. Education of health workers, especially from Pharmacists, determines the success of therapy and prevention of drug-related problems including drug side effects.