Development and Validation of Instrument to Measure Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Smoking in Students

Pengembangan dan Validasi Instrumen untuk Mengukur Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku Merokok pada Mahasiswa

Abstract

Quit smoking is very important to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by smoking. The purpose of this study was to develop a new tool to measure the knowledge, attitude, and practice of smoking in students, their motivations, and opinions on smoking cessation by pharmacists. This study was conducted in two phases, instrument development and judgmental evidence. A panel of 3 experts (psychologist, pharmacist, student smoker) was used to validate the instrument through quantitative measures. Whereas 30 respondents were used to justify the reliability of the questionnaire.  The instrument consists of 5 domains and 53 questions. The 5 domains are: 1) knowledge; 2) attitude; 3) practice; 4) motivation of quitting smoking; 5) opinion on the help of pharmacist to quit smoking. The developed tool showed high content validity of individual items (I-CVI range: 0.50 to 1.00) and high overall content validity (S-CVI/UA?=?0.96; S-CVI/Ave?=?0.98), the relevance of items was good (Kappa: 1), and clear (Clarity: 2.93). The tool was deemed reliable with Cronbach alpha for each domains of knowledge, attitude, practice, motivation, and opinion were 0.76; 0.76; 0.79; 0.83; and 0.79 respectively. It can be concluded that the instrument demonstrated high item-content.