Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD) Antibiotik Untuk Penyakit Gigi di Salah Satu Apotek di Surabaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53342/pharmasci.v2i2.77Abstract
ABSTRAK
Antibiotik sistemik banyak diresepkan oleh dokter gigi baik sebagai profilaksis maupun penanganan infeksi. Tingginya peresepan antibiotik pada infeksi gigi dan periodontal akan berpotensi pada peningkatan resistensi bakteri karena penggunaan yang berlebihan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi pola peresepan, Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD) dan rasio PDD/DDD yang ditetapkan WHO setiap antibiotik yang diresepkan untuk penyakit gigi. Studi cross-sectional retrospektif dilakukan pada rekam resep tahun 2016 di salah satu Apotek di Surabaya. Sebanyak 136 resep untuk penyakit gigi telah dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Rata-rata usia pasien adalah 38,92+12,96 tahun. Antibiotik yang paling banyak diresepkan adalah Golongan ï¢â€“Laktam yaitu Amoksisilin (50,72%) dan Amoksisilin+Asam Klavulanat (3,62%) diikuti oleh golongan Linkosamid yaitu Klindamisin (28,99%) dan Linkomisin (5,80%), serta golongan Nitroimidazol yaitu
Metronidazol (5,07%). PDD Antibiotik yang diresepkan lebih rendah dibanding DDD yang ditetapkan WHO kecuali Amoksisilin (1509,2 mg/pasien/hari; rasio PDD/DDD 1,59), Amoksisilin+Asam Klavulanat (1368,42Â mg/pasien/hari; rasio PDD/DDD 1,37), Eritromisin (1500,00 mg/pasien/hari; rasio PDD/DDD 1,50), dan Levofloksasin (500,00 mg/pasien/hari; rasio PDD/DDD 1,00). Terdapat perbedaan antara nilai PDD beberapa antibiotik dengan nilai DDD yang ditetapkan WHO dimana dalam penelitian ini nilai PDD lebih merefleksikan densitas penggunaan antibiotik.
Kata kunci: Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD), Antibiotik, Infeksi gigi.
ABSTRACT
Sistemic Antibiotics are prescribed by dentists not only for treatment of infection but also for profilactics. Most of dental and periodontal diseases are best treated by operative intervention and oral hygiene measures, so that the use of sistemic antibiotics are very limited. High rates of sistemic antibiotics prescribing in densitry can lead to bacterial resistance due to overuse of antibiotics. The aim of the study was to investigate the antibiotics prescribing patterns in densitry, Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD), and PDD/WHO’s Defined Daily Dose (DDD) ratio. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 2016 prescription records at a private pharmacy in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. A total 136 prescription records were analyzed. The average age of patients was 38,92+12,96 years old. The most common antibiotics prescribed in densitry was ï¢â€“Lactam group which were Amoxycillin (50,72%) and Amoxycillin+Clavulanic Acid (3,62%) followed by Linkosamide group w Clindamycin (28,99%) and Lincomycin (5,80%), and Nitroimidazol group which was Metronidazole (5,07%). The PDD of Antibiotics prescribed was lower than each WHO’s DDD except Amoxycillin (1509,2mg/patient/day; PDD/DDD ratio 1,59), Amoxycillin+Clavulanic Acid (1368,42 mg/patient/day; PDD/DDD ratio 1,37), Eritromisin (1500,00 mg/patient/day; PDD/DDD ratio 1,50), dan Levofloksasin (500,00 mg/patient/day; PDD/DDD ratio 1,00). There was a difference between PDD and WHO’s DDD. PDD was more likely reflect the density of antibiotic usage.
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Key Words: Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD), Antibiotics, Dental Infections
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